英语中,that是一个多功能词汇,既可以作为代词、连词,也能用于强调句型,掌握that的用法,能显著提升句子表达的准确性和流畅性,本文将通过具体例子,详细解析that在不同语境下的应用,帮助读者灵活运用。
that作为代词
that作为代词时,通常指代前文提到的事物或人,避免重复。
✅ 例句:
- The book on the table is interesting. That is why I bought it.(桌上的书很有趣,所以我买了它。)
- She has a new car. That must be expensive.(她有一辆新车,那一定很贵。)
注意:
- that指代单数名词,复数用those。
- 口语中,that可指代刚提到的情况或想法。
that作为关系代词
that引导定语从句,修饰前面的名词,可指人或物,常代替who或which。
✅ 例句:
- The girl that won the prize is my sister.(获奖的女孩是我妹妹。)
- This is the house that Jack built.(这是杰克建的房子。)
特殊情况:
- 当先行词是all, everything, nothing等不定代词时,通常用that。
- All that glitters is not gold.(发光的未必都是金子。)
that作为连词
that引导名词性从句,充当主语、宾语或表语,本身无实际意义,仅起连接作用。
(1)宾语从句
✅ 例句:
- I know that you are right.(我知道你是对的。)
- She said that she would come.(她说她会来。)
注意: 口语中that常省略,但正式写作建议保留。
(2)主语从句
✅ 例句:
- That he failed the exam surprised everyone.(他考试失败让所有人惊讶。)
(3)表语从句
✅ 例句:
- The truth is that we don’t have enough time.(事实是我们时间不够。)
that用于强调句型(It is...that...)
通过It is/was...that...结构,可以突出句子某一部分。
✅ 例句:
- It was yesterday that I met her.(我是昨天遇见她的。)
- It is hard work that leads to success.(是努力带来了成功。)
注意: 强调人时可用who代替that,但that更通用。
that与其他词搭配的固定用法
(1)so...that...(…以致……)
✅ 例句:
- He ran so fast that no one could catch him.(他跑得太快,没人能追上。)
(2)such...that...(这样的……以致……)
✅ 例句:
- It was such a hot day that we stayed indoors.(天气太热,我们待在室内。)
(3)in order that(为了)
✅ 例句:
- He studied hard in order that he could pass the exam.(他努力学习以便通过考试。)
常见错误与纠正
❌ 错误: I believe that he will come is true.
✅ 正确: I believe that he will come.(我相信他会来。)
❌ 错误: This is the man which helped me.
✅ 正确: This is the man that helped me.(这是帮助过我的那个人。)
练习巩固
试着用that完成以下句子:
- The movie ____ we watched last night was amazing.
- She told me ____ she would be late.
- It is his determination ____ makes him successful.
(答案:1. that 2. that 3. that)
英语学习的关键在于实践,多读多写才能熟练掌握that的用法,希望本文能帮助你在写作和口语中更自信地运用这个重要词汇。